If you are looking for TN Board Class 8 Geography Unit 4 Migration and Urbanisation extra que ans , then you are at the right place.
Q: How is migration generally defined?
A: Migration is generally defined as the permanent or semi-permanent change of residence of an individual or group of people over a significant distance.
Q: What is the United Nations Organization’s definition of migration?
A: According to the UN, migration is a form of geographical mobility of population between one geographical unit to another, generally involving a permanent change of residence.
Q: What are pull factors in migration?
A: Pull factors are favorable conditions that attract people towards a location.
Q: What are push factors in migration?
A: Push factors are unfavorable conditions that make people move out from a location.
Q: Name five categories of causes responsible for human migration.
A: The five categories are: ecological or natural causes, economic causes, socio-cultural causes, demographic causes, and political causes.
Q: What are some examples of ecological or natural causes of migration?
A: Examples include volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, floods, and droughts.
Q: What is internal migration?
A: Internal migration is the movement of people within a country.
Q: What are the four types of internal migration?
A: The four types are rural to urban, urban to urban, rural to rural, and urban to rural migration.
Q: What is international migration?
A: International migration is migration that occurs across national boundaries.
Q: What is voluntary migration?
A: Voluntary migration occurs when people move of their own free will to improve their living conditions or financial status.
Q: What is involuntary or forced migration?
A: Involuntary migration occurs when people are forced to move against their will, such as due to war.
Q: What is seasonal migration?
A: Seasonal migration is when people migrate during a particular season and return after the end of that season, often for work or to escape harsh weather conditions.
Q: What is brain drain?
A: Brain drain refers to the migration of skilled people from economically backward countries to developed countries in search of better opportunities.
Q: How does migration affect the age and sex composition of a population?
A: Migration can change the age and sex composition of both the source and destination regions, potentially affecting the dependency ratio and sex ratio.
Q: What is urbanization?
A: Urbanization refers to the process in which there is an increase in the proportion of population living in towns and cities.
Q: What are the three main factors driving urbanization?
A: The three main factors are natural population growth, rural to urban migration, and the reclassification of rural areas into urban areas.
Q: In what period did urban centers start developing?
A: Urban centers started developing during the pre-historic period, before 10,000 years ago.
Q: How did the Industrial Revolution affect urbanization?
A: The Industrial Revolution in the 19th century accelerated the growth of towns and cities.
Q: What are some consequences of rapid urbanization?
A: Consequences include housing shortages, slum development, overcrowding, inadequate water supply and sanitation, traffic problems, and increased pollution.
Q: What percentage of the world’s population is projected to be urban by 2050?
A: By 2050, 68% of the world’s population is projected to be urban.
Q: When did the global urban population first exceed the global rural population?
A: In 2007, for the first time in history, the global urban population exceeded the global rural population.
Q: Which three countries are expected to account for 35% of the growth in the world’s urban population between 2018 and 2050?
A: India, China, and Nigeria are expected to account for 35% of the growth in the world’s urban population between 2018 and 2050.
Q: What was the largest country of origin for international migrants in 2017?
A: In 2017, India was the largest country of origin of international migrants with 17 million migrants.
Q: How many international migrants were there worldwide in 2017?
A: There were 258 million international migrants worldwide in 2017.
Q: In which regions do female migrants outnumber male migrants?
A: Female migrants outnumber male migrants in Europe, Northern America, Oceania, and Latin America and the Caribbean.
Q: What is transhumance?
A: Transhumance is an example of seasonal migration, typically involving the movement of livestock between different grazing areas.
Q: How can migration lead to the formation of a plural society?
A: The migration of people from different regions towards an urban area can lead to the formation of a plural society with diverse cultures and backgrounds.
Q: What is the relationship between urbanization and pollution?
A: Urbanization often leads to increased pollution of air, water, and soil due to population concentration, industrial activities, and increased vehicle use.
Q: How does migration affect the occupational structure of a population?
A: Migration can influence the occupational structure of the population in both the source and destination areas, potentially affecting the economy of these regions.
