Last updated on October 7th, 2023 at 11:18 pm
Chapter 1 Establishment of European and British Rule in India
[1] Answer the following questions in one sentence:
[Q] Which European nations had tried to find a sea route to India?
European nations like Portugal, Spain, Holland, and the Portuguese tried to find a sea route to India.
[Q] Why were the Europeans in need of Indian spices?
The people of Europe were largely carnivores and needed Indian spices to preserve their meat.
[Q] Which war resulted in the introduction of dual system rule in Bengal?
After the Battle of Buxar in 1764 AD dual system came into existence.
[Q] Under which act was the supreme court established?
The Supreme court was established by the Regulating ACT [1773 AD]
[Q] Write Short notes on
Battle of Plassey:-
The Battle of Plassey was fought between Siraj-ud-Daulah and the British in 1757 C.E. On June 23, 1757, Clive’s soldiers and the nawab took part in a battle near Murshidabad called Plassey. A nawab’s general faced off against the British but was defeated because of Mir Jafar’s treachery. Mir Jafar was made Nawab and Siraj ud daula was captured and killed. The Nawab gave 24 Parganas to the British and allowed them to trade without excise duty. After the battle of Plassey, the entire Bengal came under British control.
Battle of Buxar:-
MIR Qasim nawab of Bengal met nawab of Mahadh and the Mughal emperor decided to expel the British from India. The British army under the leadership of major Munro fought against these 3 rulers who had an army of 50K soldiers and defeated them together in the battle of Buxar. The British won and the war of Plassey made their motive firm. There were no opponents in India to challenge the British who had defeated these three rulers together. The battle of Buxar gave the British all rights to Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
Anglo Maratha War:-
After the first war between the Marathas and the British, the treaty of Salabai was signed. Each of them returned to his own territory, so no one was defeated. In the second Maratha War, from 1803 to 1805 AD, the British established their authority over the Marathas. Orissa, Agra, and Delhi came under British control. The Maratha power was utterly destroyed in the Third Anglo-Maratha War, from 1817 to 1819 AD. The Peshwa was sent to Bithur near Kanpur with a pension.
Mysore War:-
After the end of the Vijaynagar empire, Mysore was the most powerful state in South India under the leadership of Hyder Ali. Hyder Ali trained the soldiers with European methods and supplied them with weapons. The British were worried about Hyder Ali’s rapidly increasing power and authority, so they fought four wars with Mysore. The first two battles were fought with Hyder Ali, and the second two with his powerful son, Tipu Sultan.
Write the answers to the following questions:
The European people were forced to find a sea route to India. Explain the statement?
Constantinople was the headquarter of the trade route between India and Europe. in 1453 AD the Turks conquered Constantinople, and Indian good stopped flowing to Europe and western countries of the world. the Europeans required Indian spices to preserve their meat. also, they stopped getting cotton, silk, spices, indigo, niter, timber, etc. which were exported by India to Europe. when the land trade stopped they were forced to find a sea route to India.
Write a concise note on the British police force?
The British Police Force was as important as the army and was started by Governor-General Cornwallis. He replaced the traditional Indian feudal police department with a modern police department. A DSP was appointed as the police officer at the district level. They started police stations at different places and appointed Faujdar[SI]. Guards were posted in villages. In the police force, only Britishers could hold high positions, while Indians worked as sepoys.
[3] Find the correct option from the following options and write the correct answer:
[1] Which city was the capital of the Portuguese in India
- Daman
- Diu
- Goa
- Dadra and Nagar Haveli
[2] The European people who settled in Masulipatnam after receiving a decree from the ruler of Golconda were………..
- English
- Dutch
- French
- Danish
[3] Which English officer started the judiciary in India?
- Dalhousie
- Wellesley
- Clive
- Warren hastings
Class 8 Social Science Chapter 1 Extra Question and Answers
[Q] Who discovered a new sea route to India?
The Portuguese sailor Vasco-da-Gama discovered a new sea route from Portugal to Africa and Africa to India with this the Europeans began coming to India.
[Q] Where did the Portuguese build a fort?
There is a fort built by the Portuguese in Cochi and Kannur.
[Q] Portuguese rule was established in India by whom?
Portuguese viceroy Francisco-de-Almeida established Portuguese rule in India in 1505 AD.
Q: When did the Turks conquer Constantinople?
The Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 AD.
Q: What was the significance of Constantinople for trade?
Constantinople was the headquarters of the trade route between India and Europe.
Q: What happened to Indian goods after the conquest of Constantinople?
Indian goods stopped following to Europe and the western countries of the world.
Q: What were the goods that India exported to Europe?
India exported cotton, silk, spices, indigo, niter, timber, opium, and large quantities to Europe.
Q: Why did the people of Europe need Indian spices?
The people of Europe were largely carnivores and needed Indian spices to preserve their meat.
Q: Why did European nations come to India?
European nations came to India for trade.
Q: Which European explorers discovered a new sea route to India?
Vasco da Gama discovered a new sea route to India.
Q: When did Vasco da Gama reach Calicut?
Vasco da Gama reached Calicut in 1498 AD.
Q: How did the discovery of the new sea route benefit the Europeans?
The discovery of the new sea route from Portugal to Africa and Africa to India allowed the Europeans to start coming to India for trade.
Q: Which European nations were involved in finding a waterway to India?
Portugal, Spain, and Holland were involved in finding a waterway to India.
Q: When did Vasco da Gama arrive in Calicut?
Vasco da Gama arrived in Calicut in 1498 AD.
Q: Who ruled Calicut at the time of Vasco da Gama’s arrival?
King Samudrik ruled Calicut at the time of Vasco da Gama’s arrival.
Q: Why did the Portuguese build forts in Kochi and Kannur?
The Portuguese built forts in Kochi and Kannur to strengthen their position and gain security for their trade of spices.
Q: Who was sent by Portugal to establish Portuguese rule in India?
Viceroy Francisco De Almeida was sent by Portugal to establish Portuguese rule in India.