Learn GSEB Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 Solutions National Movements in IndiaWhich includes Textbook exercises as well as important points from the chapter.
Answer the following questions pointwise :
Q- Discuss the nature and effects of boycott agitation and national movements.
The boycott agitation and national movements aimed to resist British colonial rule in India.
Nature: They were characterized by various forms of protests such as boycotts of British goods, promotion of indigenous products, mass mobilization, and non-cooperation with British authorities.
Effects: These movements fostered national unity, raised political consciousness among Indians, challenged British economic exploitation, and laid the groundwork for India’s eventual independence.
Q- Growth and development of fierce revolutionary movements -Discuss.
Revolutionary movements emerged in response to British colonial rule, advocating armed resistance against the British.
Leaders like Vasudev Balvant Phadke, Vir Savarkar, Bhagat Singh, and Chandrashekhar Azad played crucial roles in organizing and leading these movements.
They carried out acts of violence, sabotage, and assassinations targeting British officials and institutions.
These movements spread across various regions of India, contributing to the radicalization of the Indian nationalist movement.
Q- Explain the programmes, event and effects of Non-Co-operation Movement.
The Non-Cooperation Movement was initiated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920, aiming to boycott British institutions, goods, and services.
Programs: Surrendering of titles, boycott of foreign goods, promotion of Swadeshi products, withdrawal from government institutions, and non-participation in British-led activities.
Events: The movement saw widespread participation across India, with mass protests, strikes, and civil disobedience campaigns.
Effects: It mobilized millions of Indians against British rule, raised political consciousness, and laid the foundation for future resistance movements. However, it was suspended after the Chauri-Chaura incident, where violence erupted, leading Gandhi to call off the movement.
2.Write Short notes :
Q- Revolutionary movements in foreign countries.
Indian revolutionaries operated from abroad, seeking support for India’s independence.
Groups like the Gadar Party in the United States and Ghadar Movement in Canada were prominent.
They organized protests, published revolutionary literature, and attempted to launch armed attacks against British interests.
Q- Rowlatt Act.
The Rowlatt Act was passed in 1919 by the British government in India.
It allowed for the indefinite detention of individuals without trial, aiming to suppress revolutionary activities and nationalist sentiments.
The Act was widely criticized for its draconian provisions and led to widespread protests, eventually culminating in the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
Q- Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
It occurred on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab, during a peaceful protest against the Rowlatt Act.
British troops, under General Dyer, opened fire on unarmed civilians trapped in an enclosed public garden, resulting in hundreds of deaths and injuries.
The massacre sparked outrage across India and the world, leading to increased opposition against British rule.
Q- Swarajya Party
