Last updated on June 28th, 2023 at 11:09 pm
Class 8 Microorganisms Friend And Foe Notes
Class 8 Microorganisms – Friend And Foe Question and Answers | Class 8 Microorganisms Question and Answers |
Q: What are microorganisms?
A: Microorganisms or microbes are living organisms that are present around us but cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Q: What are the four major groups of microorganisms?
A: The four major groups of microorganisms are bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and some algae.
Q: What is the role of microorganisms in the environment?
A: Microbes are responsible for many natural processes such as decomposition, fermentation, and nitrogen fixation.
Q: Can viruses be seen with a microscope?
A: Yes, viruses can be seen with a microscope, but they reproduce only inside the cells of a host organism.
Q: What is the importance of understanding microorganisms?
A: Understanding the different types of microorganisms and their roles in disease and the environment is important for scientific research and public health.
Q: What are some food items that are prepared using microorganisms?
A: Food items such as curd, cheese, pickles, bread, cake, idlis, and dosa batter are prepared using microorganisms.
Q: How are microorganisms used in cleaning up the environment?
A: Microorganisms can be used in cleaning up the environment by breaking down organic waste into usable substances.
Q: What is the role of microorganisms in agriculture?
A: In agriculture, microorganisms are used to increase soil fertility by fixing nitrogen.
Q: What is the importance of understanding the roles of microorganisms?
A: Understanding the roles of microorganisms is important for their use in food production, medicine, and environmental cleanup, among other applications.
Q: What microorganisms are involved in the formation of curd and fermented food products?
A: Bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, are involved in the formation of curd and other fermented food products.
Q: What is fermentation?
A: Fermentation is the process of converting sugar into alcohol by yeast, and it produces a characteristic smell.
Q: What is the large-scale production of acetic acid?
A: Microorganisms are used for the large-scale production of acetic acid (vinegar).
Q: What are antibiotics and how are they used?
A: Antibiotics are medicines produced from bacteria and fungi that kill or stop the growth of disease-causing microorganisms. They are used to cure a variety of diseases and are also mixed with livestock and poultry feed to control microbial infection.
Q: What is the role of vaccines?
A: Vaccines work by introducing dead or weakened microbes into the body, which triggers the production of suitable antibodies that protect against the disease-causing microbes for life.
Q: Name some commonly known antibiotics made from fungi and bacteria.
A: Streptomycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin are commonly known antibiotics made from fungi and bacteria.
Q: What is the Pulse Polio Programme?
A: The Pulse Polio Programme is a vaccination programme aimed at protecting children against polio.
Q: What is the role of microorganisms in vaccination?
A: Microorganisms are used to produce vaccines on a large scale to protect humans and animals from diseases.
Q: What is nitrogen fixation?
A: Nitrogen fixation is the process by which some bacteria are able to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, enriching the soil with nitrogen and increasing its fertility.
Q: What is the role of microbes in decomposition?
A: Microbes are responsible for the decomposition of dead organic matter into simple substances that can be used by other plants and animals.
Q: Can waste materials like polythene bags, empty glasses, bottles, and broken toy parts be converted into manure by microbes?
A: No, waste materials like polythene bags, empty glasses, bottles, and broken toy parts cannot be converted into manure by microbes.
Q: What are pathogens?
Pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants.
Q: How do communicable diseases spread?
Communicable diseases spread from an infected person to a healthy person through air, water, food, or physical contact.
