The Swarajya Party was formed in 1923 by Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru.
It aimed to continue the struggle for independence through constitutional means, advocating for self-rule within the British Empire.
The party participated in legislative elections, opposed unjust government policies, and worked to raise political awareness among Indians.
3.Answer the following questions :
Q-Who divided Bengal? When and why?
Bengal was divided by Viceroy Lord Curzon in 1905.
The division aimed to weaken Bengali nationalism by creating East Bengal and Assam, with the intention of promoting administrative efficiency. However, it also led to widespread protests and the rise of nationalist sentiments.
Q-Explain the fierce revolutionary movements in Gujarat.
Revolutionary activities in Gujarat were pioneered by leaders like Baarindrakumar Ghosh and Aurobindo Ghosh.
They organized secret revolutionary cells, published literature advocating armed resistance, and attempted acts of violence against British authorities.
The movement aimed to mobilize Gujarati youth against British rule and spread nationalist sentiments.
Q-Why did Gandhiji call Rowlatt Act as ‘Black law’ ?
Gandhiji called the Rowlatt Act ‘Black law’ due to its draconian provisions that allowed for the indefinite detention of individuals without trial.
He saw it as a suppression of individual freedoms and a violation of basic human rights, leading to widespread protests and opposition.
Q-Why was the Non-Co-operation Movement suspended ?
The Non-Cooperation Movement was suspended after the Chauri-Chaura incident in 1922.
Violence erupted in Chauri-Chaura, Uttar Pradesh, where a police station was attacked and several policemen were killed by protesters.
Mahatma Gandhi, upon hearing the news, called off the movement, realizing that it had turned violent and strayed from its principles of non-violence.
Q-Why did the prestige of the Swarajya Party decline ?
The prestige of the Swarajya Party declined after the death of its leader, Chittaranjan Das, in 1925.
Internal divisions and disagreements weakened the party, leading some members to support the government while others formed new parties.
In the 1926 elections, the Swarajya Party suffered significant losses, further diminishing its influence and prestige.
4.Choose the correct options from those given below :
(1) By what name is the day of partition of Bengal known as ?
(A) National Mourning Day [Answer]
(C) Independence Day
(B) Bangbhang Day
(D) None of the above
(2) Which reform gave Muslims, communal electoral constituencies ?
(A) Mont-Ferd
(C) August offer
(B) Ilbert Bill
(D) Morley-Minto [Answer]
(3) Who prepared the stage for armed revolution in Gujarat for the first time ?
(A) Baarindranath Ghosh [Answer]
(C) Ambubhai Purani
(B) Chotubhai Purani
(D) Arvind Ghosh
(4) Who hoisted the Indian national flag in the foreign land for the first time ?
(A) Shyamji Krishna Varma
(B) Rana Sardarsingh
(C) Madam Bhikaiji Cama [Answer]
(D) Madanlal Dhingra
