Reason (R): The boundary along the Eastern and Western coast areas of the Pacific Ocean is known as the Pacific Ring of Fire.
- A and R are correct and R explains A
- A and R are correct but R does not explain A
- A is incorrect but R is correct
- Both A and R are incorrect
Answer in a word.
Name the outer most layer of the earth.
Crust
What is SIAL?
Continental crust
Name the movement of the Earth’s lithospheric plates?
Tectonics
Give an example of extinct volcano.
Mt. Kilimanjaro
Answer the following briefly
What is mantle?
The mantle is the layer of the Earth located between the crust and the core. It extends to a depth of about 2,900 km and is composed of silicate minerals that are rich in iron and magnesium. The mantle is divided into the upper and lower mantle, with the upper mantle being less dense and the lower mantle being more dense. The mantle is semi-molten, allowing it to flow slowly, which drives the movement of tectonic plates on the Earth’s surface.
Write note on the core of the earth?
The core of the Earth is the innermost layer, located beneath the mantle. It is divided into two parts: the outer core and the inner core. The outer core is liquid and composed mainly of iron and nickel, extending from about 2,900 km to 5,150 km beneath the Earth’s surface. The inner core is solid, also primarily composed of iron and nickel, and extends from 5,150 km to 6,371 km at the center of the Earth. The core has very high temperatures and pressures, with the inner core being extremely dense.
Define Earthquake.
An earthquake is a sudden shaking or movement of the Earth’s crust caused by the release of stress accumulated along geological faults or by volcanic activity. The point within the Earth where the earthquake originates is called the focus, and the point directly above it on the surface is called the epicenter. Earthquakes release energy in the form of seismic waves, which cause the ground to shake.
What is Seismograph?
A seismograph is an instrument used to detect and record the vibrations caused by seismic waves generated by earthquakes or other seismic events. It measures the magnitude and duration of the earthquake by recording the motion of the ground. The data collected by seismographs are crucial for understanding the characteristics and impacts of earthquakes.
What is a volcano?
A volcano is an opening or vent in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock (magma), ash, and gases escape from below the surface. When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava. Volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of erupted materials around the vent, creating a conical shape. Volcanic eruptions can vary from gentle flows to explosive events, depending on the properties of the magma and the geological conditions.
Name the three types of volcanoes based on periodicity of eruption.
The three types of volcanoes based on periodicity of eruption are:
- Active volcanoes: Erupt frequently (e.g., Mt. Stromboli, Mauna Loa).
- Dormant volcanoes: Have not erupted for a long time but may become active again (e.g., Vesuvius, Krakatoa).
- Extinct volcanoes: Have not erupted in the past 1,000 years and are unlikely to erupt again (e.g., Mt. Kilimanjaro, Mt. Popa).
