CG Board Class 8 Development of Agriculture in India
How will large crop production lead to employment? Explain.
Larger crop production creates demand for more hands to work in various agricultural activities such as sowing, harvesting and processing. This increases employment opportunities in farming, agro-based industries, transportation, storage facilities and marketing. More production means the need for more workforce in the agricultural sector, which will boost employment.
What is the minimum support rate? Why was the minimum support rate essential for farmers?
Minimum Support Price (MSP) is the price at which the government purchases crops from farmers. It ensures that farmers get a fair price for their produce, protects them from market fluctuations and ensures guaranteed income. MSP is important for farmers as it provides economic security and encourages agricultural production.
When the government distributed extra land of zamindars to landless farmers, what changes did it bring about in their lives?
Distribution of land to landless farmers empowered them economically and socially. This provided them a means of livelihood, increased their self-reliance and reduced their dependence on landlords. This redistribution helped reduce poverty, improve living standards, and give landless farmers a share in agriculture.
Why was it necessary to make India self-sufficient in grain production?
Achieving self-sufficiency in grain production was important to ensure food security for the growing population. Reliance on imports for food grains poses risks during shortages and can put pressure on the economy. Self-reliance in grain production ensures stable and adequate food supplies for the nation.
After 1951, what major changes occurred in farming in India?
After 1951, there were significant changes in farming techniques and policies. The introduction of advanced technology, irrigation projects, land reforms and agricultural policies such as the Green Revolution changed farming practices, thereby increasing productivity and improving the living standards of farmers.
What has changed in agriculture before and after green revolutions? Explain it.
Before the Green Revolution, traditional farming methods with low productivity were dominant. Following the Green Revolution, there was a shift toward modern technologies, including increased use of high-yield seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and modern machinery. This increased agricultural productivity and improved the living standards of many farmers.
What problem did farmers of Punjab and Haryana have to face regarding the environment?
Farmers in Punjab and Haryana faced water shortage due to excessive use of tube-wells, which led to decline in water level. Additionally, excessive use of chemical fertilizers destroyed soil fertility, affecting agricultural sustainability and environmental balance in the region.
Why does the new method of farming require a large quantity of chemical fertilizers? What are its disadvantages when used in excess?
Modern agricultural techniques demand chemical fertilizers to increase crop yields. However, excessive use of these fertilizers can damage soil fertility, kill beneficial microorganisms and unbalance the ecosystem. This can lead to soil erosion, water pollution and health risks.
What are the methods to make soil fertile?
To increase soil fertility, practices such as crop rotation, organic farming, use of compost and natural manures, employing cover crops and reducing chemical fertilizer use help maintain and improve soil fertility in sustainable ways. .
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using improved seeds and natural seeds?
Improved seeds offer higher yields, shorter growth cycles and disease resistance but may require more water, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Natural seeds are more adapted to local conditions, but their yields may be lower and they may be more susceptible to diseases and pests.
From where do you get the money to fulfill the daily needs of your family?
Households earn money for daily needs from various sources such as employment, business income, government assistance or subsidies and in rural areas from agricultural produce or other related activities.
