Last updated on June 28th, 2023 at 11:09 pm
Class 8 Crop Production Extra Question Answer
Class 8 Crop Production Extra Question Answer | Crop Production and Management Class 8 Questions and Answers
Fill in the blanks:
- The agriculture Revolution or Green Revolution began in India in…….. [ 1960]
- …………are crops that are grown for human consumption or animal consumption. [Food crops]
- ……….crops are grown in large estates for sale in distant markets.[ Plantation]
- ………..Crops Are Those Crops Grown Mostly for Profit, not for the Farmer’s Use. [ Cash ]
- …….have funnel-shaped openings that lead to long tubes.[ Seed drills]
- Spreading seeds by hand into the soil is called ……….[broadcasting]
- ………..are used for storing grains on a large scale.[ Granaries]
- Rearing of Honeybees Is Called …………[apiculture]
Answer the following questions:
Q: What is the purpose of food for living organisms?
Food provides energy for their body functions.
Q: How do green plants synthesise their own food?
Green plants synthesise their own food through photosynthesis.
Q: Where do animals, including humans, get their food from?
Animals, including humans, get their food from plants or other animals.
Q: Why is food production needed on a large scale?
Food production needs to be done on a large scale to provide for a large population.
Q: What is agriculture?
Agriculture was born when humans started cultivating land and producing crops.
Q: What is a crop?
A crop refers to plants of the same kind grown in one place on a large scale.
Q: How are crops classified based on their growing season?
Crops can be classified into different types based on the season in which they grow, such as kharif crops grown in the rainy season, and rabi crops grown in the winter season.
Q: What are some agricultural practices involved in crop production?
Agricultural practices include soil preparation, sowing, adding manure and fertilisers, irrigation, weed control, harvesting, and storage.
Q: What does soil preparation involve in agriculture?
Soil preparation involves turning and loosening the soil to allow roots to penetrate easily and breathe.
Q: What do earthworms and microbes in the soil help with?
Earthworms and microbes in the soil help to further turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it.
Q: Why is soil important for plant growth?
Soil contains minerals and nutrients that are essential for plant growth.
Q: How do dead plants and animals contribute to soil fertility?
Dead plants and animals decompose in the soil, releasing nutrients that can be absorbed by plants.
Q: What is the process of turning and loosening the soil called?
Ploughing or tilling is the process of turning and loosening the soil.
Q: Why is levelling the field important for sowing and irrigation?
Levelling the field ensures uniform distribution of water and nutrients.
Q: What is manure and why is it used in agriculture?
Manure is an organic substance obtained from the decomposition of plant or animal wastes and is used to replenish the soil with nutrients.
Q: What are fertilisers and why can their excessive use be harmful?
Fertilisers are chemicals that are rich in a particular nutrient and are produced in factories. Excessive use of fertilisers can make the soil less fertile and contribute to water pollution.
Q: How can soil fertility be maintained in agriculture?
Soil fertility can be maintained by using organic manure or crop rotation to replenish nutrients in the soil. Legumes, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil, are particularly useful in crop rotation.
Q: What is crop rotation and how does it help replenish the soil with nutrients?
Crop rotation is the practice of growing different crops alternately. It helps replenish the soil with nutrients by reducing the depletion of specific nutrients that occur when the same crop is grown repeatedly.
Q: What are the sources of irrigation?
Sources of irrigation include wells, tubewells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams, and canals.
Q: What are the traditional and modern methods of irrigation?
Traditional methods of irrigation involve lifting water from wells, lakes, and canals using pumps powered by diesel, biogas, electricity, or solar energy. Modern methods of irrigation include sprinkler and drip systems.
Q: Why is weeding necessary in crop production?
Weeding is necessary to remove undesirable plants called weeds that compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space, and light.
Q: What is threshing and how is it done?
Threshing is the process of separating the grain seeds from the chaff. It is carried out using a machine called a combine that is both a harvester and a thresher.
Q: How should farmers handle weedicides to avoid any harmful effects on their health?
Farmers should use weedicides very carefully and cover their nose and mouth with a piece of cloth during spraying to avoid any harmful effects on their health.
Q: Why is proper drying of freshly harvested grains necessary?
Proper drying of freshly harvested grains is necessary before storing to prevent spoiling or attacks by pests, bacteria, and fungi.
Q: What is animal husbandry?
Animal husbandry refers to the practice of rearing animals at home or in farms with proper food, shelter, and care.
Q: What are rabi and kharif crops?
Crops in India can be categorized as rabi and kharif crops based on seasons. Rabi crops are grown in winter, while kharif crops are grown in the rainy season.
Q: What are the important steps in crop production?
The important steps in crop production are soil preparation, good variety of seed selection, sowing, fertilization, irrigation, weeding, harvesting, and proper storage of grains.
Q: Define agriculture?
Agriculture deals with the growing and raising of crops and animals for human consumption.
Q: Define horticulture.
Agriculture’s horticulture division deals with vegetables, fruits, flowers, decorative plants, and decorative flowers.
Q: What is a crop?
When a large number of plants are grown at the same place for food, it is called a crop.
Q: What are food grains?
Cereals are tall grasses grown for their nutritious seeds and are called food grains.
Q: Crops are classified into how many different types?
According to season, crops can be classified into 2 types
- Kharif crops – these crops require a lot of water, which is why they are sown before the monsoons in June/July, then harvested after the monsoon.
- Rabi crops – are sown at the beginning of winter and harvested by march/April.
Q: What is plowing?
Tilling and plowing is the process of loosening and turning the soil.
Q: Define weeding and weedicides?
The process of removing weeds from a field is called weeding. A weedicide is a special chemical that is sprayed on weeds in order not to affect the main crops.
Q: Define hybridization.
Hybridization is a technique used to develop new varieties of crops. It involves breeding two types of plants together.
Q: Define nitrogen fixation.
Nitrogen fixation is the process of converting free nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into nitrogen compounds.
Q: Define nitrogen assimilation.
Nitrogen assimilation refers to the process of transforming inorganic nitrogen compounds into organic compounds that become a part of living organisms.
Q: Define ammonification.
Ammonification is the process by which complex organic compounds such as protein are converted to ammonia.
Q: Define denitrification.
Denitrification is the process of converting nitrates into nitrogen gas.
Q: What is animal husbandry?
Animal husbandry refers to the breeding, feeding, and caring of animals for food and other purposes.
Q: What are the basic practices involved in crop production?
A: The basic practices involved in crop production are soil preparation, sowing, adding manure and fertilizers, irrigation, and weed control.
Q: What is soil preparation, and why is it important in crop production?
A: Soil preparation is the first step in crop production, involving loosening and turning the soil to allow deep penetration of roots. It is essential to ensure adequate nutrient availability for plant growth and to promote better root development.
Q: What is crop rotation, and why is it used in agriculture?
A: Crop rotation is a method used to maintain soil nutrients by growing different crops in the same field in a sequence. It is used to prevent soil degradation, disease and pest infestation, and to increase crop yield and quality.
Q: What are weeds, and why are they harmful to crop production?
A: Weeds are unwanted plants that grow in the field and compete with crops for resources like water, nutrients, and light. They can reduce crop yield and quality and cause pest and disease infestation.
Q: What are Rabi and Kharif crops?
A: Rabi and Kharif are the two main seasons for crop cultivation in India. Rabi crops are sown in winter and harvested in spring, whereas Kharif crops are sown in monsoon and harvested in autumn.
Q: What are organic foods, and how are they produced?
A: Organic foods are produced without the use of synthetic methods like pesticides, fertilizers, sewage sludge, irradiation, industrial solvents, or synthetic food additives. Organic farming relies on natural processes like crop rotation, composting, and biological pest control.
