GSEB Class 10 Science 2022 Board Exam paper with Solution
if you are looking for GSEB Class 10 Science 2022 Board Exam paper with Solution then you are at the right place……
Answer the questions 1 to 24 as directed . Each Question carries 1 Mark.
1) Potato chips manufacturers usually flush bags of chips with which inert gas to prevent the chips from getting oxidised?
Options:
(A) Oxygen
(B) Hydrogen
(C) Chlorine
(D) Nitrogen
Correct Answer: (D) Nitrogen
Reason:
Nitrogen is an inert gas that prevents oxidation and keeps chips fresh and crisp by displacing oxygen inside the packet.
2) Butanone is a four-carbon compound with the functional group
Options:
(A) Carboxylic acid
(B) Aldehyde
(C) Ketone
(D) Alcohol
Correct Answer: (C) Ketone
3) Choose the correct option to complete the following reaction
[ 6CO_2 + 12H_2O —–chlorophyll/sunlight______ + 6O_2 + 6H_2O]
Options:
(A) C₂H₅OH
(B) C₆H₁₂O₆
(C) CH₄
(D) CH₃COOH
Correct Answer: (B) C₆H₁₂O₆ (Glucose)
4) Which metal is used for interconnection of cells in solar panel?
Options:
(A) Silver
(B) Copper
(C) Cobalt
(D) Iron
Correct Answer: (B) Copper
5) An object is placed at a distance of 40 cm in front of a plane mirror. What will be the distance between the object and its image?
Options:
(A) 40 cm
(B) 80 cm
(C) 20 cm
(D) 60 cm
Correct Answer: (B) 80 cm
Reason: In a plane mirror, image forms at the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front. So, distance = 40 + 40 = 80 cm
6)For a person with normal vision, the least distance of distinct vision is approximately:
Options:
(A) 25 m
(B) 2.5 cm
(C) 25 cm
(D) 2.5 m
Correct Answer: (C) 25 cm
7)To convert vegetable oil into vegetable ghee, which catalyst is used?
(Nickel, Calcium, Carbon)
Correct Answer: Nickel
8)Which element has the electronic configuration 2,8,2?
(Aluminium, Magnesium, Sodium)
Correct Answer: Magnesium
9)In the given circuit diagram below, the equivalent resistance is ________.
(Options shown: 1/4 Ω, 1 Ω, 4 Ω)
Given:
R₁ = 2 Ω and R₂ = 2 Ω connected in series
Correct Answer: 4 Ω
Reason:
Equivalent resistance in series = R₁ + R₂ = 2 + 2 = 4 Ω
10)In human somatic (body) cells, the number of pairs of chromosomes is ________.
Correct Answer: 23 pairs
11)Which type of mirror is used in a car headlight?
Correct Answer: Concave mirror
12)The device used to generate electric current is called ________.
Correct Answer: Generator
13)When the pH value of the mouth falls below 5.5, tooth decay starts.
Correct Answer: True
14)Noble gases have seven electrons in their outermost shell.
Correct Answer: False
Reason: Noble gases have 8 electrons in the outermost shell (except helium, which has 2).
15) Vegetative propagation takes place in the buds produced in the notches along the margins of Bryophyllum leaf.
Answer: True
16) Carbon-di-oxide is a green house gas.
Answer: True
17) Solder, an alloy of lead and tin has high melting point.
Answer: False
(Solder has a low melting point.)
18) Abscissic acid is a plant hormone which promotes growth.
Answer: False
(It inhibits growth.)
Answer the following in one word or one sentence:
19) Write the chemical formula of Bleaching powder.
Answer: CaOCl₂
20) The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water, energy takes place in which organelle?
Answer: Mitochondria
21) I measure the electric current. Which device am I?
Answer: Ammeter
22) Write full form of AC and DC.
Answer:
AC: Alternating Current
DC: Direct Current
23) What are fossil fuels?
Answer: Fuels formed from the remains of dead plants and animals buried under the earth for millions of years.
24) Match the following type of Asexual reproduction with correct examples
Type of Asexual Reproduction → Example
- i) Fragmentation → (c) Spirogyra
- ii) Regeneration → (a) Planaria
SECTION – B
Question No 25-37 each carries 2 marks. Answer in short in 40-50 words approximately. Attempts any 9 questions only.
25) What are isomers? Draw the structural formulas of butane.
Answer:
Isomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements and properties.
Structural formulas of butane (C₄H₁₀):
n-Butane: CH₃–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃
Isobutane: CH₃–CH(CH₃)–CH₃
26) Write differences between Soaps and Detergents.
Answer:
Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids and are ineffective in hard water.
Detergents are synthetic cleaning agents and work well in both soft and hard water.
27) The position of three elements A, B, C in the periodic table is shown.
Answers:
- a) A is: Non-metal
- b) C is: More reactive than A (reactivity of Group 17 increases down the group)
- c) C will be: Larger in size than B
- d) Ion formed by A: Anion
28) Draw a neat labelled diagram of Neuron.
Answer (what to draw & label):
Draw a neuron and label the following parts:
Dendrites
Cell body (Cyton)
Nucleus
Axon
Myelin sheath
Axon terminal (Synapse)
29) How does phototropism and geotropism occur in plants?
Answer:
Phototropism occurs due to unequal distribution of auxin hormone, causing plant parts (shoots) to bend towards light.
Geotropism occurs due to gravity; roots grow downward (positive geotropism) and shoots grow upward (negative geotropism).
30) What is pollination? Explain difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Answer:
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of a flower.
Self-pollination: Pollen is transferred to the stigma of the same flower or same plant.
Cross-pollination: Pollen is transferred to a flower of another plant of the same species.
31) What are the changes seen in boys at the time of puberty?
Answer:
Increase in height and muscle growth
Voice becomes deep
Growth of facial and body hair
Development of reproductive organs
32) Draw a diagram of sex determination in human being.
Answer (what to draw & show):
Father: XY
Mother: XX
Fertilisation results in:
XX → Female child
XY → Male child
(Show a Punnett square diagram.)
33) Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with examples.
Answer:
Homologous organs: Same origin but different functions
Example: Forelimbs of human and wings of bat
Analogous organs: Different origin but same function
Example: Wings of bird and wings of insect
34) What is reflection of light? Write laws of reflection of light.
Answer:
Reflection of light is the bouncing back of light from a surface.
Laws of reflection:
- Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
- Incident ray, reflected ray and normal lie in the same plane
35) Write uses of concave mirror.
Answer:
Used in vehicle headlights
Used as shaving/makeup mirror
Used by doctors (dentists, ENT)
Used in solar furnaces
36) How much work is done in moving a charge of 2 C across two points having potential difference of 12 V?
Answer:
Formula: W = Q × V
W = 2 C × 12 V = 24 Joules
37) What is ozone and how does it affect any ecosystem?
Answer:
Ozone is a triatomic form of oxygen (O₃) present in the upper atmosphere.
It protects ecosystems by absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays. Depletion of ozone causes skin cancer, eye damage, and harms plants and aquatic life.
SECTION – C
Question No 38-46 each carries 3 marks. Answer in short in 60-80 words approximately. Attempts any 6 questions only.
38) Differences between Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic reactions are chemical reactions in which heat energy is absorbed from the surroundings, causing the surroundings to cool down. Examples include photosynthesis and melting of ice. Exothermic reactions are those in which heat energy is released into the surroundings, making them warmer. Examples include combustion and respiration. In endothermic reactions, energy of products is higher, whereas in exothermic reactions, energy of products is lower than reactants.
39) Physical Properties of Metals
Metals are generally hard, lustrous, and shiny solids (except mercury). They are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metals are malleable, meaning they can be beaten into thin sheets, and ductile, meaning they can be drawn into wires. They have high melting and boiling points and produce a ringing sound when struck, which is called sonorous nature.
40) Ways to Prevent Corrosion of Metals
Corrosion of metals can be prevented by various methods. Painting and coating the metal surface prevents contact with air and moisture. Galvanization involves coating iron with zinc to prevent rusting. Electroplating with metals like chromium provides protection. Alloying, such as making stainless steel, increases resistance to corrosion. Using oil or grease also helps prevent corrosion.
41) Mendeleev’s Periodic Law and Achievements
Mendeleev’s Periodic Law states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses. His major achievement was the systematic arrangement of elements into a periodic table. He left gaps for undiscovered elements and predicted their properties accurately. He corrected atomic masses of some elements and helped establish periodicity in element properties.
42) Methods of Contraception
Contraception methods are used to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Barrier methods like condoms prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Hormonal methods include oral contraceptive pills that prevent ovulation. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) such as Copper-T prevent implantation. Surgical methods include vasectomy in males and tubectomy in females. Natural methods involve avoiding intercourse during fertile periods.
43) Image Formed by a Convex Mirror
Radius of curvature (R) = 3.00 m
Focal length (f) = R/2 = +1.5 m
Object distance (u) = –5.0 m
Using mirror formula:
1/f = 1/v + 1/u
Image distance (v) ≈ +1.15 m
The image is formed behind the mirror. It is virtual, erect, and diminished, which is why convex mirrors are used as rear-view mirrors.
44) Solar Cooker: Diagram, Advantages & Disadvantages
Labelled parts of a solar cooker include a glass cover, black-painted cooking vessel, reflector mirror, and insulated box.
Advantages:
Uses renewable solar energy
Saves fuel and reduces pollution
Low operating cost
Disadvantages:
Cannot be used at night or on cloudy days
Cooking is slow
Not suitable for frying
45) Explain the following terms:
- i) Ecosystem
An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature where living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interact with the non-living components (air, water, soil) of their environment. These components are linked through energy flow and nutrient cycles.
- ii) Food Chain
A food chain is a linear sequence that shows how energy is transferred from one organism to another through eating and being eaten. It usually starts with producers and ends with top consumers.
iii) Biological Magnification
Biological magnification is the gradual increase in the concentration of harmful chemicals (like pesticides) in organisms at successive trophic levels of a food chain.
46) Explain the three R’s: Reduce, Recycle, Reuse to save the environment
Reduce: Minimise the use of resources and avoid wastage to reduce waste generation.
Reuse: Use items repeatedly instead of throwing them away, such as reusing bottles or bags.
Recycle: Process waste materials into new products to conserve natural resources and reduce pollution.
SECTION – D
Question No 47-54 each carries 4 marks. Answer in short in 90-120 words approximately. Attempts any 5 questions only.
47) How is plaster of Paris formed? Reaction with water and uses
Plaster of Paris is formed by heating gypsum (calcium sulphate dihydrate) at about 100–120°C. On heating, gypsum loses water and forms calcium sulphate hemihydrate, called plaster of Paris.
Reaction (formation):
CaSO₄·2H₂O → CaSO₄·½H₂O + 1½H₂O
Reaction with water:
CaSO₄·½H₂O + 1½H₂O → CaSO₄·2H₂O
Uses:
Making casts for fractured bones
Making statues, toys, and decorative items
Used in making moulds and false ceilings
48) Activity to show alcohols and glucose are not acids
Take aqueous solutions of glucose, alcohol, and hydrochloric acid in separate test tubes. Add blue litmus paper to each solution. Hydrochloric acid turns blue litmus red, showing acidic nature. Glucose and alcohol do not change the colour of litmus paper, indicating they do not release hydrogen ions in solution. Hence, despite containing hydrogen, glucose and alcohol are not acids.
49) Human alimentary canal & role of saliva and HCl
The human alimentary canal consists of mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.
Role of saliva:
Saliva contains salivary amylase, which breaks starch into simpler sugars and helps in swallowing food.
Role of hydrochloric acid:
Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium in the stomach for enzyme action, kills harmful bacteria, and activates pepsin for protein digestion.
50) Nutrition in Amoeba
Amoeba shows holozoic nutrition. It engulfs food using pseudopodia, forming a food vacuole. Digestive enzymes break down food inside the vacuole. Nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm, energy is released, and undigested food is expelled through the cell surface. This process includes ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion.
51) Dispersion of white light by a glass prism
Dispersion of white light is the phenomenon in which white light splits into its constituent colours when it passes through a glass prism. White light is a mixture of seven colours—violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red (VIBGYOR). When white light enters the prism, different colours bend by different amounts because each colour has a different wavelength. Violet light bends the most, while red light bends the least. As a result, the colours spread out and form a spectrum. This shows that white light is made up of many colours.
52) Let the resistors in parallel connection be R₁, R₂, R₃. Derive an equation to find equivalent resistance in a parallel connection.
Consider three resistors R₁, R₂ and R₃ connected in parallel across a potential difference V.
Let currents through them be I₁, I₂ and I₃ respectively.
According to Ohm’s law:
I₁ = V/R₁, I₂ = V/R₂, I₃ = V/R₃
Total current I = I₁ + I₂ + I₃
I = V(1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃)
If R is the equivalent resistance, then
I = V/R
So,
1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃
53) What is magnetic field? Draw magnetic field lines around a bar magnet. Write the properties of magnetic field lines.
A magnetic field is the region around a magnet where its magnetic force can be felt.
Properties of magnetic field lines:
- Magnetic field lines emerge from the North pole and enter the South pole outside the magnet.
- Inside the magnet, they move from South to North pole, forming closed loops.
- Magnetic field lines never intersect each other.
- Closer field lines indicate a stronger magnetic field; they are crowded near the poles.
(In exams, draw a neat diagram showing curved field lines around a bar magnet.)
54) State the principle, construction and working of an electric motor with a neat labelled diagram.
Principle:
An electric motor works on the principle that a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force, causing it to rotate.
Construction:
It consists of a rectangular coil placed between the poles of a magnet, a split-ring commutator, carbon brushes, and a DC power supply.
Working:
When current flows through the coil, forces act on opposite sides in opposite directions, producing rotation. The split-ring commutator reverses current direction after every half rotation, allowing continuous motion.
(A neat labelled diagram is required in the exam.)
