(1) Which Treaty was responsible for the World War II ?
The Treaty of Versailles was responsible for World War II.
(2) Who was the German dictator ?
The German dictator was Adolf Hitler.
(3) Name the Italian dictator.
The Italian dictator was Benito Mussolini.
(4) Give the immediate reason of the World War II.
The immediate reason for World War II was the German attack on Poland.
(5) Where is the UN headquarter situated ?
The UN headquarters is situated in New York, USA.
(6) What is Cold War ?
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, characterized by ideological, political, and economic conflicts without direct military confrontation.
Choose the correct options from those given below :
(1) Who started Nazism in Germany?
- (A) Hitler [ Answer]
- (B) Mussolini
- (C) Lenin
- (D) None of them
(2) Who takes care of improving the health of the people of the world?
- (A) WHO [Answer]
- (B) IMF
- (C) FAO
- (D) ILO
(3) Choose the correct option from those given below.
- (A) Fascism began in Germany.
- (B) Mussolini was the German leader.
- (C) The symbol of the Nazi Party was “a bundle of sticks and axe”
- (D) Mussolini established Fascism in Italy.[Answer]
Key Points
Global Trends between the Two World Wars:
- Economic hardships post-World War I led to the rise of dictatorships in various countries like Italy, Germany, and Japan.
- Fascism in Italy under Mussolini, Nazism in Germany under Hitler, and Militarism in
- Japan contributed to the conditions that led to World War II.
- The global depression of 1929-32 exacerbated economic difficulties worldwide, laying the groundwork for the Second World War.
Factors Leading to World War II:
- Fierce Nationalism: Germany, Italy, and Japan harbored resentment from the Treaty of Versailles, leading to aggressive nationalist policies.
- Groupism: Various alliances and treaties formed between nations created a tense atmosphere globally.
- Militarism: European nations competed in arms production, escalating tensions and preparing for war.
- Failure of the League of Nations: Ineffective in preventing aggression by member states and unable to maintain peace.
- Unfair Treaty of Versailles: Imposed harsh penalties on Germany, leading to resentment and fueling Hitler’s expansionist ambitions.
- Imperialistic Ambition of Adolf Hitler: Hitler’s desire for German unity and expansionism led to the annexation of neighboring territories.
- German Attack on Poland: Sparked the outbreak of World War II, leading to widespread conflict.
World War II:
- Divided the world into Allied Nations (led by England and France) and Axis Nations (Germany, Italy, Japan).
- Saw significant destruction and economic repercussions globally.
- Led to the emergence of two superpowers, the USA and Russia, initiating the Cold War.
- Resulted in the establishment of the United Nations in 1945 with aims of promoting peace, security, and cooperation among nations.
Immediate Effects of World War II:
- Economic devastation and massive expenditures incurred by nations.
- Rise of communism in China under Mao Zedong.
- Emergence of the Cold War between the USA and Russia.
- Establishment of the United Nations as a global organization for peace and cooperation.
United Nations:
- Comprises various organs including the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat.
- Aims to maintain international peace and security, promote economic and social development, uphold human rights, and foster cooperation among nations.
- Various specialized agencies like WHO, IMF, FAO, UNESCO, and UNICEF work under the UN to address specific global issues.
