Tamil Nadu Board Class 7 Science Chapter 6 Health and Hygiene
If you are looking for Tamil Nadu Board Class 7 Science Chapter 5 Health and Hygiene then you are at the right place. Here we are providing solutions as well as additional QA / Important Notes.
[I] Choose the appropriate answer.
Ravi has sound mind and physically fit body.It refers to
- Hygiene
- Cleanliness
- Health
- Wealth
Sleep is not only good for our body, but it is also good for
- Enjoyment
- Relaxation
- Mind
- Environment
Our living place should be
- Open
- Closed
- Clean
- Unclean/ untidy
Tobacco chewing causes
- Anemia
- Periodontitis
- Tuberculosis
- Pneumonia
The first aid is to………
- Save money
- Prevent scars
- Prevent the medical care
- Relieve the pain
[II] Fill in the blanks.
- A group of people living together in a particular area is called________[community]
- I am green colour box with garbage. I am ______[dustbin]
- Eyes are considered as_________to the world.[windows]
- The hair follicles produce______which keeps the hair smooth.[oil]
- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium_______.[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]
[III] State true or false. If false, correct the statement.
- All food should be covered.[False]
- Chicken pox is also known as leucoderma.[False]
- Stomach ulcer is a non- communicable disease.[True]
- Rabies is a fatal disease.[True]
- First-degree burns damage the whole skin.[False]
[IV] Match the following.
- Rabies – Salmonella
- Cholera – Yellow Urine
- Tuberculosis – Cramps in legs
- Hepatitis – Hydrophobia
- Typhoid – Mycobacterium
Answers
- Rabies – Hydrophobia
- Cholera – Yellow Urine
- Tuberculosis – Mycobacterium
- Hepatitis – Salmonella
- Typhoid – Cramps in legs
[V] Analogy.
- First degree burn: Epidermis :: Second degree burn:______Dermis
- Typhoid: Bacteria: Hepatitis:_______Virus
- Tuberculosis: Air :: Cholera : _______Water
[VI] Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
- Assertion: Oral hygiene is good.
Reason: Sound teeth has healthy gums with healthy surrounding tissues.
- Assertion: Chicken pox is a viral communicable disease.
Reason: It is characterized by rashes on the whole body, fever, head ache and tiredness.
- A) Both A and R are true
- B) Both A and R are false
- C) A is true but R is false.
- D) A is false but R is true.
[VII] Answer very briefly.
What is hygiene?
Hygiene refers to practices that promote health and prevent disease, especially through cleanliness.
Write about the right way of protecting the eyes.
Protecting the eyes involves wearing sunglasses outdoors, avoiding staring at screens for prolonged periods, and using protective eyewear in hazardous environments.
How to keep your hair clean and healthy
To keep hair clean and healthy, regularly wash it with shampoo, massage the scalp to remove dead skin cells and excess oil, and use a good quality conditioner.
Sobi frequently plays with her mobile. Suggest your ideas to protect her eye from irritation?
To protect her eyes from irritation due to frequent mobile use, Sobi should take breaks, adjust screen brightness, use blue light filters, and blink regularly.
Give any two communicable diseases, which spread in your locality during monsoon.
Two communicable diseases that spread during monsoon in some areas are dengue fever and malaria, both transmitted by mosquitoes.
What first aid will you provide in the case of bruises?
For bruises, first aid involves applying a cold compress to reduce swelling and pain, and keeping the affected area elevated if possible.
Ravi said, Ganga had minor burn, so I washed it with water. Do you agree with his statement? Explain, why?
Yes, washing a minor burn with water is a correct first aid measure as it helps to cool the burn and clean the wound. However, it’s important to ensure that the water is not too cold to avoid causing further damage to the skin.
[VIII] Answer briefly.
Why first aid is essential?
First aid is essential because it provides immediate care to prevent further injury or harm, alleviate pain, and stabilize the condition of the injured or ill person until professional medical help arrives.
What steps you will follow to keep your teeth healthy?
Steps to keep teeth healthy include brushing teeth twice a day, flossing daily, eating a balanced diet low in sugary foods and drinks, and visiting the dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings.
What does this picture mean?
Do it on ur own.
Distinguish communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases.
Communicable diseases are those that can be transmitted from one person to another, whereas non-communicable diseases cannot be passed from person to person. Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, while non-communicable diseases are caused by factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and environmental exposures.
Name the mode of transmission of communicable diseases.
Modes of transmission of communicable diseases include direct contact (such as touching), indirect contact (such as touching contaminated objects), airborne transmission (through droplets in the air), and vector-borne transmission (through insects or other organisms).
Your friend says that her hair is thin, spares and lost very often. Suggest your ideas to reduce this problem.
To reduce the problem of thinning, sparse, and frequent hair loss, your friend can try maintaining a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, avoiding harsh hair treatments and heat styling, using gentle hair care products, minimizing stress, and seeking medical advice if necessary.
[IX] Answer in detail.
Write about any three communicable diseases in detail.
A) Tuberculosis (TB): Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. TB is spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, releasing bacteria-containing droplets into the air. People nearby can inhale these droplets and become infected. Symptoms of TB include coughing, chest pain, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and night sweats. TB is treated with a combination of antibiotics over a period of several months to prevent drug resistance.
B) Influenza (Flu): Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a viral respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. The flu can also spread by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes. Symptoms of the flu include fever, chills, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, fatigue, and headache. Most people recover from the flu without complications, but it can lead to severe illness, especially in young children, older adults, pregnant women, and people with underlying health conditions.
C) HIV/AIDS: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, which help the body fight off infections. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. HIV is transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids, including blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. The most common modes of HIV transmission are unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing contaminated needles or syringes, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. HIV/AIDS weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS, but antiretroviral therapy (ART) can control the virus, prevent transmission, and allow people with HIV to live long and healthy lives.
List the situations in which first aid is given. What would you do if a person suffers from skin burns?
First aid is provided in various situations to stabilize the condition of an injured or ill person and prevent further harm. Some common situations where first aid may be necessary include:
- Cuts and wounds: Apply pressure to stop bleeding, clean the wound, and cover it with a sterile dressing.
- Burns: Remove the person from the source of heat, cool the burn with running water for several minutes, cover the burn with a clean cloth or sterile dressing, and seek medical help if necessary.
- Fractures: Immobilize the injured limb, apply ice to reduce swelling, and seek medical assistance.
- Choking: Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) to dislodge the obstruction from the airway.
- Cardiac arrest: Perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) until emergency medical services arrive.
How the diseases are transmitted from one person to the other person?
Diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through various routes, depending on the specific pathogen involved. Some common modes of disease transmission include:
- Direct Contact: Transmission occurs through physical contact with an infected person, such as touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse.
- Indirect Contact: Transmission occurs through contact with contaminated objects or surfaces, such as doorknobs, utensils, or shared personal items.
- Airborne Transmission: Transmission occurs through inhalation of respiratory droplets expelled by an infected person during coughing, sneezing, or talking.
- Vector-borne Transmission: Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected vector, such as mosquitoes, ticks, or fleas, which carry and transmit disease-causing pathogens.
- Foodborne Transmission: Transmission occurs through the consumption of contaminated food or water containing disease-causing pathogens or toxins.
- Bloodborne Transmission: Transmission occurs through exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids, such as during needlestick injuries, blood transfusions, or sharing needles among intravenous drug users.
