Last updated on October 31st, 2023 at 10:11 pm
Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
(a) They are created by natural processes.
(b) They have a definite chemical composition.
(c) They are inexhaustible. [Answer]
(d) Their distribution is uneven.
(ii) Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
(a) Bolivia (c) Chile [Answer]
(b) Ghana (d) Zimbabwe
(iii) Which one of the following practices will NOT conserve LPG in your kitchen.
(a) Soaking the dal for some time before cooking it.
(b) Cooking food in a pressure cooker.
(c) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking.
(d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame. [Answer]
Give reasons.
(i) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Ans – It is important to carefully consider environmental aspects when building large dams.Large areas of land can be submerged by dams, changing aquatic ecosystems, displacing communities, and altering watercourses.Reservoir construction can destroy habitats, change water quality, and emit greenhouse gases.In order to reduce these impacts and find sustainable solutions, careful planning is needed.
(ii) Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
Ans – In power generation and manufacturing, coal is the primary source of energy for many industries. Industries near coal mines reduce transportation costs, making coal more economically viable. A continuous and cost-effective supply of coal is crucial for industries.
(iii) Petroleum is referred to as “black gold”.
Ans – “Black gold” is a name given to petroleum in reference to its high economic value and high value as a natural resource. The economic importance and widespread use of petroleum has led to comparisons with gold’s value and desirability, since it is used for transportation, industrial processes, and the production of consumer goods.
(iv) Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
Quarrying is a significant environmental concern due to the destruction of habitat, soil erosion, noise pollution and dust pollution, land alteration, water pollution, health risks, and energy consumption. Regulations and mitigation measures are needed to address these issues and ensure responsible mining practices are implemented.
Distinguish between the followings.
(i) Conventional and non conventional sources of energy
| Conventional Sources of Energy: | Non-conventional Sources of Energy: |
| Energy from conventional sources has been around for a long time. | Compared to conventional energy, non-conventional energy is relatively new. |
| The sources include fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas, as well as firewood and hydropower. | Renewable energy sources include solar, wind, geothermal, tidal, and biogas. |
| The conventional sources are exhaustible. | Non-conventional sources are inexhaustible and do not deplete. |
| The use of these products often pollutes the environment. | they are cleaner and more environmentally friendly. |
(ii) Biogas and Natural Gas:
| Biogas | Natural Gas |
|
Animal dung, kitchen waste, and dead plant material can be used to produce biogas. |
Gas is a fossil fuel found in underground reservoirs along with petroleum. |
|
The energy source is renewable and environmentally friendly. |
It is a conventional source of energy that is finite, non-renewable. |
|
CO2 and methane are the primary components of biogas. |
Methane is the main component of natural gas, but other hydrocarbons can also be found. |
|
Biogas produce it through a biological process. |
Drilling is the primary method of extracting it. |
(iii) Ferrous and Nonferrous Minerals:
|
Ferrous Minerals: |
Nonferrous Minerals: |
|
Iron is a primary constituent of ferrous minerals. |
Iron is not a primary constituent of nonferrous minerals. |
|
Iron ore, manganese, and chromite are ferrous minerals. |
Nonferrous minerals include gold, silver, copper, lead, and aluminum. |
|
In iron and steel production, these minerals are often used. |
Minerals are used for jewelry, coins, electrical conductors, and construction. |
|
In addition to iron, ferrous minerals may contain other elements. |
Compared to ferrous minerals, nonferrous minerals are typically softer. |
(iv) Metallic and Nonmetallic Minerals:
|
Metallic minerals are naturally occurring minerals that contain metal elements in their raw form. They are characterized by their shiny appearance, good thermal and electrical conductivity, and ability to be shaped and stretched without breaking. Examples of metallic minerals include iron ore, copper, gold, silver, and lead. These minerals are precious for their metal content and essential in various industries to manufacture a wide range of products. |
Minerals without metals are nonmetallic.Unlike metals, they lack luster and electrical conductivity.Limestone, mica, gypsum, and quartz are nonmetallic minerals.Construction materials, ceramics, glass, and electronics are all made from nonmetallic minerals. |
