Last updated on August 7th, 2023 at 04:37 pm
Q: What is coal gas and how is it used?
A: Coal gas is obtained during the processing of coal to get coke. It is used as a fuel in many industries situated near the coal processing plants.
Q: What types of vehicles use petrol and diesel as fuel?
A: Light automobiles such as motor cycles/scooters and cars use petrol as fuel, while heavy motor vehicles such as trucks and tractors run on diesel.
Q: How is petroleum formed?
A: Petroleum is formed from the remains of organisms living in the sea. As these organisms died, their bodies settled at the bottom of the sea and got covered with layers of sand and clay. Over millions of years, absence of air, high temperature, and high pressure transformed the dead organisms into petroleum and natural gas.
Q: What is the process of separating the various constituents/fractions of petroleum called?
A: The process of separating the various constituents/fractions of petroleum is known as refining.
Q: Why is natural gas an important fossil fuel?
A: Natural gas is an important fossil fuel because it is easy to transport through pipes and can be stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas (CNG). It is also less polluting and a cleaner fuel compared to other fossil fuels.
Q: What is the great advantage of CNG and where is it used in India?
A: The great advantage of CNG is that it can be used directly for burning in homes and factories where it can be supplied through pipes. It is used for power generation and as a cleaner fuel for transport vehicles. CNG is used in some parts of Delhi, Vadodara (Gujarat), and other places in India.
Q: What are the uses of LPG?
A: Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a good fuel because of its following advantages :
- LPG burns easily.
- LPG has a high calorific value. Due to this, a given amount of LPG produces a lot of heat.
- LPG burns with a smokeless flame and hence does not cause air pollution.
- LPG does not produce any poisonous gases on burning.
- LPG does not leave behind any solid residue on burning.
Q: What is CNG?
A: The majority of natural gas is composed of methane, with a small amount of ethane and propane. When natural gas is compressed by applying pressure, it is known as compressed natural gas (also known as CNG).
Q: Define Petrochemicals and their uses?
A: Chemicals that are derived from petroleum and natural gas are called petrochemicals. Petrochemicals play an important role in the production of a wide range of useful materials, such as detergents, synthetic fibers (such as polyester, nylon, acrylic), plastics (such as polyvinyl chloride, bakelite, etc.), synthetic rubber, drugs, and dyes, Fertilizers, insecticides, fertilizer, explosives, etc.
Q: Define Refining?
A: Refining is the process of separating crude petroleum oil into more useful fractions.
Chapter 4 – Materials: Metals and Non-Metals Extra Question Answers
