GSEB Solutions Class 9 Social Science Chapter 1 Rise of British Rule in India

Last updated on September 25th, 2023 at 10:16 pm

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 1 Rise of British Rule in India

 

Que 1. European felt the need to discover a new sea-route to India. Explain the statement.

• India attracted people from all over the world in ancient times because of its economic, cultural and religious heritage.
• Indian spices, muslin, silk cloth, indigo etc. were in great demand in European countries.
• Istanbul in Turkey was the center of trade routes and sea routes between India and Europe.
• This route was closed to Europeans after the Turkish Muslims conquered Istanbul (Constantinople) in 1453.
• Europeans had to find a new sea route due to the lack of spices.

 

Que 2. What reforms did Dalhousie bring about?

Answer: Dalhousie made the following changes:

• In 1853, Dalhousie built India’s first railway line between Mumbai and Thane.
• He had a wireless network between India and England.
• He created the Public Works Department.
• People started speaking English.
• He advocated widow remarriage and banned child marriage.

 

Que 3. What were the important terms and conditions of the Subsidiary Alliance System?

Answer:  The terms and conditions of the subsidiary alliance system were as follows:

• The state which would accept this system, would be given an army trained by the East India Company government.
• The state accepting this system would either give army to the British or give provinces with income equal to it.
• No state would go to war with other states or sign treaties without the permission of the Company.
• The state would have a British representative in the assembly.
• Other outsiders will not be employed in the state.
• This system was adopted by the Nizams, Mysore, Awadh, Gaekwad, Sindhia, Bholse and Holkar.

 

Que 4. Which states were annexed under Dalhousie’s policy of Annexation?

Following states were annexed by Dalhousie’s Doctrine of Lapse:-

• Annexation by war – Punjab, Pegu.
• Annexation due to king dying without heir – satara, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, Udepur (M.P.), Jhansi, Baghat, Nagpur.
• Annexation on pretext of mismanagement – Awadh.
• Annexation on pretext of debt collection – Nizam’s province.
• Annexation to end a namesake rule – Karnataka, Tanjore.

 

2. Answer the following questions in detail:

Que 1. Give brief information about the Battle of Plassey.

Answer: The following are the causes of Plassey war:

• Siraj-ud-daulah ruled Bengal.
• Some people in his kingdom were against him.
• At that time, the British built a fort around the trade center in Calcutta (Kolkata) for protection, without the Nawab’s permission.
• The Nawab ruined it.
• When the news reached Madras, Robert Clive sent a small company’s army to Bengal.
• But Clive found that it was very difficult to defeat the Nawab’s army.
• He planned to defeat the Nawab. He was accompanied by Mir Jafar and Seth Amirchand, the chief generals of the Nawab.
• Finally the battle broke out near a village called Plassey.
• Sirajuddaulah was defeated in this war. Clive’s betrayal ended the war in half a day.
• Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal and the Company got independence over twenty-four parganas.
• Thus, the Battle of Plassey in 1757 marked the beginning of British rule in India.

 

Question 2. Explain the economic impact of the Company Rule in India.

During the hundred years of Company rule in India, India became only a country producing raw materials for England and a potential market for products produced in factories.

• The economic power of Bengal weakened after the dual power policy.
• The company implemented an unfair revenue collection policy to give loans to Indian farmers.
• The British government had imposed an unfair tax on the Indian textile industries.
• He adopted many deceitful methods to destroy the thriving Indian industries, leading to their complete destruction.
• The life of Indian artists was poor and unemployed.
• The merchants of the Company made contracts to supply certain quantities of cloth to the weavers of Bengal at certain times. If the weaver refused, he would be flogged or thrown in jail.
• The Indian villages, which were under the control of the Company, became dependent and poor.

 

Question 3. Explain the social impact of the Company Rule in India.

Answer: Social Impact of Company Governance in India:

• With the introduction of newspapers, the feeling of freedom of speech and thought increased among the people.
• There were some wrong social customs, rituals and beliefs in the Indian society.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Durgaram Mehta, Behramji Malabari etc. had contributed significantly in making laws with the help of the British.
• With the anglicization of the administrative structure in India, the demand for English speaking people also increased.
• English curriculum started in India with the efforts of Lord Macaulay.
• As Charles Wood suggested. Universities were opened in Bombay (Mumbai). Madras, which is in Chennai, and Calcutta, which is in Kolkata.